Top 10 Moving Companies in La Palma, CA

Porch Pro Headshot On The Move Relocation Specialists
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(377)
We are Relocation Specialists with a combined 30 years of experience. We are Honest, Hard Working, Reliable, Responsible, and Specializing in same day Local moves within San Diego County. We will safely relocate your belongings because we know how much they mean to our clients. We are always On The ...Read more about On The Move Relocation Specialists
We are Relocation Specialists with a combined 30 years of experience. We are Honest, Hard Working, Reliable, Responsible, and Specializing in same day Local moves within San Diego County. We will safely relocate your belongings because we know how much they mean to our clients. We are always On The ...Read more about On The Move Relocation Specialists
Porch Pro Headshot New Beginnings Relocation
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(321)
"Because of my past experiences I have lost the faith in moving companies and that is why I gave such a pain to New beginnings relocation. I am really sorry for bugging all the time. In fact, you have given me something I never got. A damage free move! I would like to thank you all for helping me wi...Read more about New Beginnings Relocation
"Because of my past experiences I have lost the faith in moving companies and that is why I gave such a pain to New beginnings relocation. I am really sorry for bugging all the time. In fact, you have given me something I never got. A damage free move! I would like to thank you all for helping me wi...Read more about New Beginnings Relocation
Porch Pro Headshot Reliable Moving Service
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(319)
Rated "AAA" by the Business Consumer Alliance, Licensed & Insured, Local & Long Distance Moving in California, Household Goods & Office Moves, Packing & Unpacking Service, Free In-Home Estimates, Free Online INSTAQUOTE go to www.economymoving.net
Rated "AAA" by the Business Consumer Alliance, Licensed & Insured, Local & Long Distance Moving in California, Household Goods & Office Moves, Packing & Unpacking Service, Free In-Home Estimates, Free Online INSTAQUOTE go to www.economymoving.net
Porch Pro Headshot 5 STAR MOVING
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(390)
Porch Pro Headshot Beefcake Moving & Storage, Inc.
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(169)
Welcome to Beefcake Moving & Storage, Inc the boutique of moving. We are the trusted name in long distance moving and thank you for considering our business for your move. Though you have plenty of options when you are considering relocating within or out of state, it is best to use movers that have...Read more about Beefcake Moving & Storage, Inc.
Welcome to Beefcake Moving & Storage, Inc the boutique of moving. We are the trusted name in long distance moving and thank you for considering our business for your move. Though you have plenty of options when you are considering relocating within or out of state, it is best to use movers that have...Read more about Beefcake Moving & Storage, Inc.
Porch Pro Headshot New Home Casa Nueva Movers
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(1)
We are professional movers dedicated to improving the moving industry. We are based in Minnesota providing local moving, long distance moving, and professional moving labor. Need Moving Labor Help In Another State? We cover 48 states when it comes to loading and unloading your truck rental, portab...Read more about New Home Casa Nueva Movers
We are professional movers dedicated to improving the moving industry. We are based in Minnesota providing local moving, long distance moving, and professional moving labor. Need Moving Labor Help In Another State? We cover 48 states when it comes to loading and unloading your truck rental, portab...Read more about New Home Casa Nueva Movers
Porch Pro Headshot LOS ANGELITOS CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE CO.
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(5)
Los Angelitos Handyman was founded in may of 2016 providing handyman services to orange county. We have over 100 customers that we done services for and left them satisfied. We are engaged in the community as well by donating to cancer society, children foundstion and other charity events and fund...Read more about LOS ANGELITOS CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE CO.
Los Angelitos Handyman was founded in may of 2016 providing handyman services to orange county. We have over 100 customers that we done services for and left them satisfied. We are engaged in the community as well by donating to cancer society, children foundstion and other charity events and fund...Read more about LOS ANGELITOS CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE CO.
Porch Pro Headshot Loyal Moving & Storage inc.
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
Our slogan is, 'Well done is better than well said.' It's Mr. Avetis favorite quote by Benjamin Franklin and has served as a guideline for us since our inception. Our company believes in keeping our promises and going that extra mile to help our customers. At Loyal Moving Company, we're always hones...Read more about Loyal Moving & Storage inc.
Our slogan is, 'Well done is better than well said.' It's Mr. Avetis favorite quote by Benjamin Franklin and has served as a guideline for us since our inception. Our company believes in keeping our promises and going that extra mile to help our customers. At Loyal Moving Company, we're always hones...Read more about Loyal Moving & Storage inc.
Porch Pro Headshot Mindful Movers Inland Empire
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(88)
We separate ourselves from other moving companies by focusing on Clear billing, integrity and we take the Stress out of your moving day.
We separate ourselves from other moving companies by focusing on Clear billing, integrity and we take the Stress out of your moving day.
Porch Pro Headshot My Moving Guys
Movers
Serves La Palma, California
(35)
At My Moving Guys our mission is to treat the Customer's possessions with care and respect. We view each customer as a member of our extended family and we work very hard to meet and exceed their expectations when it comes to moving. We judge our success in our business by the number of repeat, happ...Read more about My Moving Guys
At My Moving Guys our mission is to treat the Customer's possessions with care and respect. We view each customer as a member of our extended family and we work very hard to meet and exceed their expectations when it comes to moving. We judge our success in our business by the number of repeat, happ...Read more about My Moving Guys

Frequently asked questions about moving companies

There are a lot of great moving companies out there, but a moving business can also be a guise for a scam meant to extort money from innocent people by holding their belongings hostage. There are some tried and true ways to avoid having this happen to you. To keep your move stress-free and honest, keep an eye out for the following red flags when you’re vetting movers:

  • Read online reviews. When you type in a search term like “Moving companies near me,” you’ll get many results. This initial search is your first chance to browse and shortlist companies with good reviews. Chances are, if there is an overwhelming amount of negative reviews, the company is either a scam or has poor business practices that you don’t want to experience first-hand. A small number of poor reviews (depending on the issue) is common, and if you’re looking for a mover with only 5-star reviews, you might be looking for a while.Another tool for vetting movers is to search for complaints filed with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. If your mover has held or currently holds a license, any complaints registered against them will be logged for transparency.
  • Assess websites and social media. The quality and amount of information on a company’s website can tell you much about its legitimacy. Questionable businesses often won’t publish an address, making it difficult for you to follow up in person when there are issues. Likewise, you should expect to see an outline of available services, testimonials, and links to any social media profiles.
  • Don’t trust a company that gives you a quote without an on-site visit. Some movers will give you an enticingly low quote to reel you in. While this might seem tempting, it often indicates a company that isn’t upfront about how they bill, at best — or is an outright scam.
  • Sign (and read) an agreement. Make sure you read the fine print and never trust a mover that tries to move forward without having you sign an agreement that protects both of you.
  • Call or visit a storefront before signing an agreement. Once you have a list of two or three potential professional movers, take the time to call or visit a storefront. That call or visit can tell you a couple of important things. First, they have public premises and are a legitimate business. Second, they answer the phone with the company's name and not a generic greeting, which can be a red flag.
  • Investigate third-party insurance. Be wary of movers who tell you their insurance will cover all your things. This explanation often isn’t the case, and you should ensure you have the right coverage from a third-party insurance agency.

If you're hiring a mover for an interstate move, they’ll need a US Department of Transportation (USDOT) license. For local movers, requirements will vary based on your state. Some states still require movers to hold a valid license from the USDOT, but not all do. Check with your local or county consumer affairs office or your state attorney general’s office to know the rules in your area.

Once you know if your state requires movers to have a USDOT license, you can check for a list of registered movers to ensure your chosen moving company complies.

If you’re moving internationally, be sure to ask if the company is registered with an international movers’ federation. If they are registered with a federation, ask to see proof of that membership as well as the company’s Federal Maritime Commission number.

Long-distance moves can be within the same state, but often this term is used to mean a move that crosses state lines. If that’s the case for you, you’ll need to take extra steps to ensure your moving company has the licenses needed to transport your things from one state to another. Local moving companies may need licenses but have fewer requirements than long-distance movers.

It’s okay to be overly skeptical if you ask a mover if they handle long-distance or interstate moves and you get an answer like “We can” or “That should be fine.” There are specific rules around interstate moves, and your mover should be confident in their answer, indicating that they’ve done this before and have the required certifications and licenses.

Smaller moving companies can be great to work with when you hire movers. However, you may want peace of mind with a recognizable, big-name company for long-distance moves.

Be sure to research long-distance move insurance options. Be clear that your goods must be insured from the start to the end of the journey. Be sure to ask your moving company for a free moving valuation. Finally, always ask for three different cost estimates. An in-person estimate not only provides you with financial considerations, but allows you to evaluate the professionalism of the company. Once you choose a moving company, you have made a commitment. It makes sense to do research up front to make the move safe and efficient.

The worst-case scenario when you hire movers is paying a large upfront deposit and then your belongings disappear. Calls and emails go unreturned for days or weeks, and finding an address for the company is difficult or impossible. Some scams demand more money for the safe return of your property, which could be damaged if you even get it back.

Taking the precautions we’ve outlined will help you avoid this situation. Still, suppose you have a bad experience with your moving company. In that case, you can take steps to help others avoid having the same experience as you:

  • Submit a complaint with the Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB is a resource for consumers when vetting a potential business and filing a complaint if they encounter misleading advertising, poor business practices, or scams.
  • File a complaint with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). The USDOT and FMCSA are the regulating bodies responsible for licensing moving companies in the US. If you run into trouble with your mover, file a complaint here and with the BBB.
  • Post an online review. Google Reviews is becoming a more powerful tool for consumers, requiring businesses to be accountable for their irresponsible or illegal actions by potentially losing business. Trolls aside, posting a review online is a great way to let others know what to expect if they choose to work with the same company, or at least — what your experience was.
  • Take to social media. Social platforms have influence, and using that to let others know about a scam — or just a negative experience — can help the business improve its practices and future customers to sidestep the same situation you encountered.

Below is a handy list of times to get in touch with moving companies to have the smoothest moving experience.

  • If you’re moving all of your property long-distance. Unless you have independent access to a moving truck and several days to drive, you’ll likely want to hire professional movers for bigger jobs. Another option is to hire furniture movers for more oversized items like your sofa, sitting chairs, dining room table, etc., and take the smaller or more fragile items yourself.
  • With as much lead time as possible. Leaving plenty of time is particularly important for long-distance and interstate moves. The logistics for these types of moves take time to coordinate, and the further the distance, the more time your mover will want to get plans in place. It’s possible that you can schedule a long-distance move at the last minute, but you’ll likely pay a premium that you could’ve avoided by booking in advance.
  • Before choosing a moving company. Once you do your initial online search for “movers near me,” read reviews, and shortlist a few companies, it’s time to get in touch. This step will let you verify the legitimacy of the moving company you chose so you can avoid any potential headaches from scams.
  • When you’re ready to schedule an on-site walk-through. Good moving companies will require a walk-through of most homes. Some exceptions are if you live in a smaller space, like a one or two-bedroom apartment, and can give your mover a reasonably accurate list of how much you have to move.

As you’re planning a long-distance move, consider all the options available.

Hire professional movers for everything.

This is the easiest option. Having pros move your things frees you to travel to your new location on your timeline. Maybe you take a vacation on your way or visit family or friends!

However, having professional movers take on an end-to-end job is the most expensive option. Your property will be out of your sight and control during the move and you’ll need to pay for third-party insurance.

Rent a moving truck and pack it yourself.

If you’re looking for the cheapest way to move long distances, this is it! You get to keep your things with you during your whole move and if you plan your route well, you can make some fun road trip stops.

While this is the least expensive option, you’ll need to invest the time to load your moving truck, which is a labor-intensive job. Plus, someone needs to drive the truck, which can be an experience if you’ve never driven a large vehicle before.

Rent a moving truck, but hire movers to help load and unload.

This option allows you to leave the heavy lifting to the pros and since movers charge by the hour, if you’re well-organized, you can have them in and out in a few hours for a reasonable price. Movers also come prepped with plastic wrap and will disassemble furniture like your bedframe or dining room table if you don’t have time to do it yourself.

If you choose this option, make sure you label all boxes by room so you can avoid a chaotic unpacking experience. Remember, you’ll still need to have someone onboard used to driving a large moving truck and you won’t have the same flexibility to travel on your schedule since you’ll be paying by the day for your rental truck.

Hire furniture movers and drive the smaller items in your vehicle.

This option allows you to hire out moving the cumbersome things, saving your time (and your back) and if you coordinate with your moving company, you can have all your furniture delivered when you arrive, making the move-in process more pleasant.

Be aware that long-distance furniture movers charge by weight, so if you have lots of heavy wood furniture, it can get costly. Also, fragile items, like glassware, need lots of packing material, so they don’t break during travel. You might end up with more boxes than you can fit in your vehicle.

Recent reviews for La Palma Movers

552336

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552334

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552337

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552333

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552332

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552331

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
552335

New Home Casa Nueva Movers paid close attention to every detail of our move. They took the time to label boxes accurately, ensuring everything ended up in the right place. Their meticulous approach made unpacking a breeze.

- Raymond Miller
86894

Kevin and his assistant were amazing! They had our queen bed frame and mattress moved to another room in our apartment in less than 15 minutes. They are friendly, professional and I highly recommend them! Thanks guys!

- Susan Feldman
236755

They were the best choice on time and ready to GottaGetGoing

- Steve Sanchez
245479

Your a thief if this is Miguel Angel Avelar. Stay as far away as you can from him. He stole 2000 from me and never came back to do the work. He stole 4000 from my neighbor. He is not licensed as he says he is. Be careful of this company

- Kathy Ackerman
421164

All the terrible reviews, why are they still on the "GO TO" list!

- Shay Clevenger
124516

I appreciate a lot how Miguel was capable of providing excellent service at such affordable price, I highly recommend him, and I would not think it twice if I need to hire him again.

- Napoleon Ayala

Everything You Need to Know About La Palma Moving Companies

Can I browse unscreened Movers in La Palma?

We do our best to screen all of our movers. However, there are still some mover professionals in La Palma that have not been pre-screened. This means that their licenses may not be up to date to operate in La Palma or CA. Always be sure to pre-screen them yourself before hiring. Here are some unscreened professionals offering moving services:

  • A BUDGET MOVING:
    • Services Offered: Movers
    • Active/Verified License: No, current status is inactive
  • New Beginnings Relocation:
    • Active/Verified License: No, current status is inactive
  • Express Movers La Canada Inc:
    • Active/Verified License: No, current status is inactive

How does invoicing/payment work for most Mover projects in La Palma?

Every project differs, but you should ask any mover for an estimate, before they do any work. In fact, ask for their general payment terms before any moving services work is done.

If the job is large and going to take longer than a day, it's common practice for movers to request a down payment. Usually, this will be around 25% so they can commence work on your mover project.

If it's a quick job, you'll likely be given an invoice/bill when the job is complete. Then it's up to you and the mover to determine if you pay immediately or can send payment at a later date.

Who should I hire if I need Moving Services in La Palma?

Right now there are about 50 companies in and around La Palma ready to help you with your moving services project.

    Below we've listed a few of the top Movers on Porch:

    • Bed movers customs inc.
      • Los Angeles Movers Inc
        • Best Moving Service

          All Moving Companies in La Palma, CA

          Porch Pro Headshot The Workers Compensation Attorney Group
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (21)
          Address: 2301 E. 28th Street Suite #309B, Long Beach, CA 90806 USA Keywords: Workers Compensation Attorney At Long Beach, CA. Attorney At Long Beach, CA. Law At Long Beach, CA Description: We believe that workers' rights are human rights, inalienable and fundamental. This includes protecti...Read more about The Workers Compensation Attorney Group
          Address: 2301 E. 28th Street Suite #309B, Long Beach, CA 90806 USA Keywords: Workers Compensation Attorney At Long Beach, CA. Attorney At Long Beach, CA. Law At Long Beach, CA Description: We believe that workers' rights are human rights, inalienable and fundamental. This includes protecti...Read more about The Workers Compensation Attorney Group
          Porch Pro Headshot White GLove Logistics, INC.
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          White Glove Service is an enhanced delivery service with 2 or more persons that includes: inside placement to room of choice, stair carries, unpacking, set-up, removal of debris and removal and disposal of packaging and other debris. Our highly-trained specialists provide white glove delivery with u...Read more about White GLove Logistics, INC.
          White Glove Service is an enhanced delivery service with 2 or more persons that includes: inside placement to room of choice, stair carries, unpacking, set-up, removal of debris and removal and disposal of packaging and other debris. Our highly-trained specialists provide white glove delivery with u...Read more about White GLove Logistics, INC.
          Porch Pro Headshot Executive Moving Systems
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (66)
          As one of Costa Mesa's best moving companies, Executive Moving Systems Inc. offers the most impressive moving services available at affordable prices. We offer a full range of services for local moves, long distance moves, and international relocation's for both corporate and individuals. Since our ...Read more about Executive Moving Systems
          As one of Costa Mesa's best moving companies, Executive Moving Systems Inc. offers the most impressive moving services available at affordable prices. We offer a full range of services for local moves, long distance moves, and international relocation's for both corporate and individuals. Since our ...Read more about Executive Moving Systems
          Porch Pro Headshot KC REMOVAL SERVICES
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (2)
          "KC Removal Services did a fantastic job of moving my dad into his new home. In addition to moving his household, they even haul away the old stuff he didn't need in the new apartment. I highly recommend them."
          "KC Removal Services did a fantastic job of moving my dad into his new home. In addition to moving his household, they even haul away the old stuff he didn't need in the new apartment. I highly recommend them."
          Porch Pro Headshot GottaGetGoingMovers
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (1)
          Gotta Get Going Movers aims for 5 stars reviews with over 200 jobs and counting. Our moving experts are on stand-by to provide excellent service and support to our customers. It is our goal, to provide all services from packing, wrapping, loading, and unloading big or small projects so that wheneve...Read more about GottaGetGoingMovers
          Gotta Get Going Movers aims for 5 stars reviews with over 200 jobs and counting. Our moving experts are on stand-by to provide excellent service and support to our customers. It is our goal, to provide all services from packing, wrapping, loading, and unloading big or small projects so that wheneve...Read more about GottaGetGoingMovers
          Porch Pro Headshot Moving Movers Riverside
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (57)
          Moving Movers Riverside is a full service relocation specialist. From packing your first box to unloading your last, Moving Movers Riverside gets it done fast. Family owned and operated. Licensed and insured. Short notice specialists. Give us a call, you will be happy you did.
          Moving Movers Riverside is a full service relocation specialist. From packing your first box to unloading your last, Moving Movers Riverside gets it done fast. Family owned and operated. Licensed and insured. Short notice specialists. Give us a call, you will be happy you did.
          Porch Pro Headshot I-DEAL-LIFESTYLE PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZER SERVICES
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (1)
          "I moved into a house from another city, and knew that I would not be able to handle all the unpacking, set-up, minimal decorating, etc, myself. I interviewed several professional organizers, and hired Marla Stone. She gave me an estimate of time and cost based on what I wanted, which proved to be a...Read more about I-DEAL-LIFESTYLE PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZER SERVICES
          "I moved into a house from another city, and knew that I would not be able to handle all the unpacking, set-up, minimal decorating, etc, myself. I interviewed several professional organizers, and hired Marla Stone. She gave me an estimate of time and cost based on what I wanted, which proved to be a...Read more about I-DEAL-LIFESTYLE PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZER SERVICES
          Porch Pro Headshot A1 Truck Rentals
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          A1 Truck Rentals Downey, CA, 90241 (562) 923-6020 Call A 1 Truck Rentals for your pick up, moving or hauling truck rental today! We offer selection and affordable service, so rent your truck now. Moving Truck Rental, Moving Truck, Local Mover, Moving Service, Moving Truck Rental Service, Moving Tru...Read more about A1 Truck Rentals
          A1 Truck Rentals Downey, CA, 90241 (562) 923-6020 Call A 1 Truck Rentals for your pick up, moving or hauling truck rental today! We offer selection and affordable service, so rent your truck now. Moving Truck Rental, Moving Truck, Local Mover, Moving Service, Moving Truck Rental Service, Moving Tru...Read more about A1 Truck Rentals
          Porch Pro Headshot Freedom Movers
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (48)
          Porch Pro Headshot PRO&NICE MOVING AND STORAGE
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          Pro&nice Moving & storage. Always working to move the world.
          Pro&nice Moving & storage. Always working to move the world.
          Porch Pro Headshot Athletics Moving and Delivery Service
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          Porch Pro Headshot Connection Movers Inc
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          Porch Pro Headshot Good Guys movers
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          Porch Pro Headshot Admiral Moving Systems
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          Porch Pro Headshot HireAHelper
          Movers
          Serves La Palma, California
          (26)
          We are a national company with a brick-and-mortar headquarters located in Oceanside, CA. To ensure your move goes smoothly, you can reach a real person here 7 days a week.
          We are a national company with a brick-and-mortar headquarters located in Oceanside, CA. To ensure your move goes smoothly, you can reach a real person here 7 days a week. Learn more at HireAHelper.com.

          Latest projects near La Palma

          Recent projects booked on Porch
          La Palma 90623
          Moving
          Comments from Customer
          I need furniture moved for getting new flooring. It can all go into the garage. Everything but the bedrooms. Living room dining room den washer dryer refrigerator. Kitchen appliances are all built in.
          Cerritos 90703
          Moving
          Comments from Customer
          No heavy furniture. Primarily boxes and small items
          Cerritos 90703
          Moving
          Comments from Customer
          Moving from a 2 bedroom apartment to a storage unit a few miles away. Apartment is next to elevator; elevator is a minute away to moving truck area. Will likely be ready to move toward this afternoon. Would you be available? Also the storage unit facility access closes at 8 pm. Thanks!
          Lakewood 90715
          Moving
          Moving
          Move from address
          10721 Droxford Street, Cerritos, CA 90703
          Move out date
          777, Jan. 0, 2022
          Move to address
          16083 Osprey Avenue, Chino, CA 91708
          Move in date
          777, Jan. 0, 2022
          Number of bedrooms
          2
          Home square footage
          1160
          Lakewood 90715
          Moving
          Comments from Customer
          I am moving and I have a 3 bedroom house. I will need the movers to pack the big items for the move.
          Moving
          Move from address
          5601 Lincoln Avenue, Cypress, CA 90630
          Move out date
          Fri, Aug. 23, 2019
          Move to address
          5601 Lincoln Avenue, Cypress, CA 90630
          Move in date
          Fri, Aug. 23, 2019
          Number of bedrooms
          1
          Home square footage
          1100
          Moving
          Cypress 90630
          Moving
          Comments from Customer
          Two story house with most furniture upstairs. Living room and dining room furniture and small upright studio piano. Two bedrooms.