Top 10 Remodeling Contractors in Lake Norman of Catawba, NC

Porch Pro Headshot INNOVATIVE CRAFTSMEN
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
TO PROVIDE A CLIENT WITH GREAT PRICING AND TOP QUALITY PRODUCT. WE BUILD AND INSTALL CABINETS AS WELL AS FULL REMODEL
TO PROVIDE A CLIENT WITH GREAT PRICING AND TOP QUALITY PRODUCT. WE BUILD AND INSTALL CABINETS AS WELL AS FULL REMODEL
Porch Pro Headshot Hands4hire Professional Handymen, Inc.
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(241)
Hands4Hire is a refreshingly different type of handyman company that actually delivers excellent customer service. We focus on small repairs and home improvements. Wood rot, home sale repairs, lite electrical and plumbing, roofing, drywall repairs, pressure washing, gutter cleaning, door and windo...Read more about Hands4hire Professional Handymen, Inc.
Hands4Hire is a refreshingly different type of handyman company that actually delivers excellent customer service. We focus on small repairs and home improvements. Wood rot, home sale repairs, lite electrical and plumbing, roofing, drywall repairs, pressure washing, gutter cleaning, door and windo...Read more about Hands4hire Professional Handymen, Inc.
Porch Pro Headshot Bath Stone
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(73)
"Very nice people. Met in my home. Explained their product. Had samples of products and colors. Walked me through the process. I was very impressed. I had already received several estimates on shower renovation. This by far was the best and most reasonable. This product is amazing. No Grout. W...Read more about Bath Stone
"Very nice people. Met in my home. Explained their product. Had samples of products and colors. Walked me through the process. I was very impressed. I had already received several estimates on shower renovation. This by far was the best and most reasonable. This product is amazing. No Grout. W...Read more about Bath Stone
Porch Pro Headshot Safe Home Pro
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
A+ Customer Reviews. Discounted Prices. Safe Home Pro is a full service mobility and accessibility provider located just north of Charlotte in Cornelius, NC. We maintain a large inventory of stairlifts, portable ramps, grab bars, vehicle lifts for wheelchairs and scooters, and other mobility equip...Read more about Safe Home Pro
A+ Customer Reviews. Discounted Prices. Safe Home Pro is a full service mobility and accessibility provider located just north of Charlotte in Cornelius, NC. We maintain a large inventory of stairlifts, portable ramps, grab bars, vehicle lifts for wheelchairs and scooters, and other mobility equip...Read more about Safe Home Pro
Porch Pro Headshot KD's Elite Custom Building, LLC
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(34)
"Ryan Cady helped us with repairs when we moved out of one house and into another. Workmanship was superior, timeliness and dependability was just as promised. He'll be our first call when work is needed. Can't say enough good things about the experience."
"Ryan Cady helped us with repairs when we moved out of one house and into another. Workmanship was superior, timeliness and dependability was just as promised. He'll be our first call when work is needed. Can't say enough good things about the experience."
Porch Pro Headshot Lightning Bolt Roofing, LLC
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(92)
We are a small company in Statesville, NC. Our company strives to please each and every customer, with the best prices, best products, quality work, and the best customer service you can get!
We are a small company in Statesville, NC. Our company strives to please each and every customer, with the best prices, best products, quality work, and the best customer service you can get!
Porch Pro Headshot Green Branch Construction, Inc.
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(5)
Green Branch Construction, Inc. is a North & South Carolina residential and commercial building company with more than 38 years of combined experience, specializing in new homes, additions, remodels and more. We look forward to building with you!
Green Branch Construction, Inc. is a North & South Carolina residential and commercial building company with more than 38 years of combined experience, specializing in new homes, additions, remodels and more. We look forward to building with you!
Porch Pro Headshot  Dunrite Services
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(18)
"We hired Carl, the owner of Dunrite Services, to do various renovations in our home. Some of which included wallpaper removal, removal of wood paneling and installing drywall, repairing the walls where the wallpaper was removed and prepping for paint, painting 4 rooms and a hallway as well as insta...Read more about Dunrite Services
"We hired Carl, the owner of Dunrite Services, to do various renovations in our home. Some of which included wallpaper removal, removal of wood paneling and installing drywall, repairing the walls where the wallpaper was removed and prepping for paint, painting 4 rooms and a hallway as well as insta...Read more about Dunrite Services
Porch Pro Headshot SAN REMO RENOVATIONS
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(12)
"Excellent experience with James and his team. We would (and already have) have them back to do other projects on our home. We are thrilled with both our Master Bath reno results as well as the process it took to get there. Throughout the project, James demonstrated total commitment to my ultimat...Read more about SAN REMO RENOVATIONS
"Excellent experience with James and his team. We would (and already have) have them back to do other projects on our home. We are thrilled with both our Master Bath reno results as well as the process it took to get there. Throughout the project, James demonstrated total commitment to my ultimat...Read more about SAN REMO RENOVATIONS
Porch Pro Headshot Houston Construction and Renovations LLC
Remodeling Contractors
Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
(8)
"Scott has performed the following major projects on our home: New roof, vinyl replacements windows and shutters, and vinyl siding. I am very pleased with his workmanship and especially his attention to detail. I would highly recommend him."
"Scott has performed the following major projects on our home: New roof, vinyl replacements windows and shutters, and vinyl siding. I am very pleased with his workmanship and especially his attention to detail. I would highly recommend him."

Frequently asked questions about remodeling contractors

The important steps to remember when finding a good local remodeling contractor:

Reviews - Check the contractor’s website and social media to see what their previous clients have said about their home remodeling work.

Past projects - Often, you’ll be able to find pictures of their previous work on their website or social media. If people are really happy with their remodeled home, they often post pictures on social media and then tag the remodeling contractor.

Up-to-date licenses - It would be useful to know what licenses and registration are needed for renovations companies in your state, and then make sure your contractor is up to standard.

Word of mouth - Generally people like to talk, so ask around for recommendations from your friends and neighbors to see if there is a top remodeling contractor in your community. It’s really important to hire someone you can trust, and if they already have a good reputation in your town, you can probably trust that they’ll treat you well too.

Compare prices - You can get a quote from a number of remodeling contractors or renovations companies to see who has the best going rate compared to the best reputation. Check to see how much each is charging for labor vs. the estimated cost of materials for the home remodeling.

Check out this article for more tips on hiring the best remodeling contractor for the job. It has further details on this topic.

Hiring a remodeling contractor can put you in a vulnerable position. Not only are you inviting someone you don’t know into your home, but you’re also allowing them to take your home apart and put it back together.

With this in mind, the following tips are recommended:

  • Have a written contract that outlines all the work to be completed and the pricing.
  • Note any additions to scope that come up as the project progresses, including additional materials and sizing issues.
  • Make sure the contractor is licensed and insured.
  • Ask for referrals and follow them up. Ask previous clients what they have to say about the work, including the quality and price, and whether the remodeling contractor stayed on budget.
  • Pay attention to the contractor’s style of communication and how he/she is able to communicate about the project. Are they willing to discuss details about their progress? Are they willing to be flexible?
  • Get a written estimate from the renovation company or remodeling contractor. Make sure it’s detailed and includes all the supplies needed, the rate per hour of work, and any other factors such as a timeline or special orders.

Depending on the project, you may be required to pay a deposit for the work. According to the National Association of the Remodeling Industry, “Receiving some sort of down payment at signing is a good practice to ensure a customer’s sincere intent to do the project. A payment schedule should be part of the contract language. Typical down payments are 25% to 33%. Sometimes even higher depending on the type of work being done. A down payment is highly recommended when products have to be ordered by the contractor immediately.”

You may be able to negotiate the percentage of the down payment, especially if you have established good communication with them. Ask your remodeling contractor what they expect and work out an agreeable percentage, but never pay the total cost upfront.

While it may be tempting to take on a remodeling project on your own, it's usually wise to hire a professional remodeling contractor for the job. Hiring a pro may save you money down the road because a pro can help you avoid costly mistakes and possible miscalculations. A remodeling contractor will carry liability and workers compensation insurance, which is set up to protect both the homeowner and contractor.

As you consider how to move forward with your home remodeling vision, you’ll have to consider which parts (if any) you can do yourself and what will have to be done professionally. For example, you may know how to paint a room, but don’t have the first clue about drywalling or knocking down a wall. These are things you probably don’t want to just take a swing at yourself.

These are some other issues people sometimes encounter when doing a DIY remodeling of their home:

  • Time — When it comes down to it, you simply don’t have the hours to put toward a home remodeling project.
  • Effort — What sounds simple enough in theory sometimes turns out to be rather laborious, and is no longer worth the DIY bragging rights.
  • Money — You may not save much money with a DIY project because you a) might cause damage, b) may need to redo some of your work, and c) may not get the materials for the same rate as the renovation company.

Having a solid plan up front will make hiring a remodeling contractor well worth your while.

Requirements for contractor licensing vary from state to state. Approximately 35 states require licenses. In some states, requirements for licensing are very lenient, so the licenses might not mean much to the consumer. In other states, a license means the contractor has a good track record.

Make sure licenses are up-to-date when hiring a renovations company or general contractor. Some states require different licensing categories and/or requirements, so it would be wise to read up on those of your state and check to see if your contractor’s license covers the type of work needed. Never hire a remodeling contractor that doesn’t have or can’t produce their license for working in your state, no matter their reason. Most states require that a license be obtained by any remodeling contractor performing work valued over $500.

With a license, the contractor should be up to date on current building codes, safety policies, disposal of hazardous materials, labor and employee hiring, and permitting. If the contractor doesn’t produce the paperwork, you may want to consider going in another direction.

Proof of a license does not always guarantee good work. Other than checking on a remodeling contractor’s license, homeowners should make sure a potential contractor carries liability and workers compensation insurance. Homeowners should scrutinize contractor’s reviews, look at a portfolio of past work, and look into a pro’s local reputation.

There are many factors involved when it comes to hiring a professional home remodeling contractor. Consider variables such as the complexity and size of the space being renovated, the cost and quality of materials, and the number of subcontractors and labor required.

Don’t go by the price itself, however. Though you’ll collect many estimates from remodeling contractors, don’t let price be the deciding factor. If you pay less, you may get less. Beware of any estimates that stand out as being lower (or higher, for that matter) than the rest.

Get several estimates and make sure they’re itemized (time, materials, costs, etc.) so you can compare various quotes. You may find that the higher cost is worth the money.

Some common things that will likely increase the cost of a remodeling contractor:

  • Electrical or plumbing work is involved.
  • The materials are imported.
  • The project is complex (several rooms, a particularly unique design, extra-heavy materials).
  • The time of year. Most people do their renovations in the late spring and summer, making it the season where demand allows for higher rates.

Consult the free Porch project cost guides to get an idea about how much a home renovation project may cost in your area.

The benefits of having one general contractor outweigh any other situation, including you trying to juggle all the different aspects of the project yourself. Hire a general contractor to manage subcontractors and schedule all the work.

There are many different types of contractors based on the kind of labor they’re trained in. For example, there are concrete contractors, HVAC contractors, closet contractors, kitchen contractors, and roofing contractors. Once you determine the specific work that needs to be done for your home remodeling project, you can look for a particular kind of contractor. If you need to remodel a whole room, you can get a contractor specific to that or to the kind of material you’ll be using, like drywall or plaster.

Since different types of contractors can potentially work on your home remodel, having a general contractor to outsource is the best way to go. When subcontractors are bringing on a crew, make sure that it’s a solid team and that everyone is on the same page with costs, materials, and the design of the remodeling vision. Everyone should know their work well and be properly licensed according to your state regulations.

Choosing a local remodeling contractor who knows the best local subcontractors is a smart way to go. Contractors and laborers often collaborate, especially in smaller towns. Making good contracting decisions will ensure that you’ll enjoy both the progress and results of your next home remodeling project. Remember that communication is the key to success. Setting reasonable expectations, establishing a good repertoire, and regularly checking in will lead to a smooth, easy home improvement project.

Recent reviews for Lake Norman of Catawba Remodeling Contractors

506482

We had an incredible experience with KDs Elite Builders. They have totally saved our home from exterior water damage. They have removed and replaced all of our exterior siding, Black Board material , and insulation full of black mold . They basically rebu...

- Michael Poole
207510

Ryan has done several jobs for me, and I’ve been very impressed. It’s hard to find someone with the knowledge and skill to perform a vast number of trades affordably. Ryan has consistently been able to beat others’ prices, and can always start promptly.

- Dustin Bigger
183352

I had cabinets that needed to be installed and Ryan gave me a call the same day I put the request in. The project was done for me that week! The service was better than any other name brand company that has done work for me. Cady’s Handyman is affordable...

- Mandie Lowe
69473

We hired Carl to come out to our house and install a wooden playset. Even thought the job even being a bigger project than expected, he honored his initial estimate and finished with a smile. Great experience!

- Cathy Barnette
69424

Dunrite has completed several jobs for us. He has always completed the work on time and does quality work! John

- John Gilleland
69499

have used Dunrite Services twice --- both times was excellent jobs --- on time & on budget --- will definitely use again -- when next project is needed ---

- jerry lewis
69341

I have used Dunrite Services on multiple occasions over the past few years, ranging from small projects to whole house renovations. I have found Dunrite Services to be consistently professional. All of their work has been done in a workmanlike manner, a...

- Palmer Huffstetler
380265

What I am about to describe definitely warrants a post on every ounce of social media, company review site, etc. that I can get my hands on. I had an awful encounter Thursday morning as I was driving to work down highway 485. So I was merging onto the hig...

- Taylor Hamilton
463387

So in love with my new shower, love the strong customizable stone! Such great quality and super easy to work with, thank you so much!!

- Ali Tobin
384242

BEWARE OF BOB DEWHURST. He started out bathroom project on March 1, 2021 and as of July 1, 2021 it is not completed. Our shower pan leaks, walls are bowing, He and his crew tried to hide a crack in one of the Onyx walls. He as taken all of our money an...

- Deborah St Clair
433329

Bob and his team did such a great job! My tub shower came out way better than I expected. Completed in a timely manner, highly recommend!

- Jeremy Walton
433334

My wife and I are so pleased to have our shower redone so quickly, it looks great! The custom stone is truly unique and worth the price.

- Walker Hanvey

Everything You Need to Know About Lake Norman of Catawba Remodeling Contractors

Will Remodeling Contractors work in Lake Norman of Catawba require permits, inspections, special licenses, etc.?

Whether you’re remodeling contractor job is in Lake Norman of Catawba or any other city, you're going to want to do a bit of research before hiring remodeling contractors. Even small jobs may have certain regulations around them. Often, the remodeling contractor performing the work will have any required permits, inspections, etc. under control, but not always. Short answer: Research yourself and double check with the remodeling contractors folks that everything is in order.

What zip codes in Lake Norman of Catawba have the best Remodeling Contractors?

Below we've listed Lake Norman of Catawba zip codes that have great selections of remodeling contractors:

  • 28117: 5 Remodeling Contractors.
  • 28037: 1 Remodeling Contractors.
  • 28650: 2 Remodeling Contractors.
  • 28677: 1 Remodeling Contractors.
  • 28166: 1 Remodeling Contractors.
  • How many remodeling contractors does Lake Norman of Catawba have?

    There are around 50 companies throughout Lake Norman of Catawba to help you with your next remodeling contractors job.

    • 22 of them have an A or A+ rating from Better Business Bureau.

    All Remodeling Contractors in Lake Norman of Catawba, NC

    Porch Pro Headshot Collin Homes, Inc
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (6)
    "Had a small house built by Collin Homes Inc. Dave was such a professional and very nice to deal with. He built us a very well built vacation home. It is more than I could hope for. I only have praise for Collins Homes Inc."
    "Had a small house built by Collin Homes Inc. Dave was such a professional and very nice to deal with. He built us a very well built vacation home. It is more than I could hope for. I only have praise for Collins Homes Inc."
    Porch Pro Headshot Singleton Renovations
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (8)
    "I have had the pleasure of working with Singleton renovations on various jobs on my home and have always been 100% delighted with the completed work. Ryan is conscientious, detail oriented, dependable and owns the job once given a task to complete. The prices are definitely fair and his ability ...Read more about Singleton Renovations
    "I have had the pleasure of working with Singleton renovations on various jobs on my home and have always been 100% delighted with the completed work. Ryan is conscientious, detail oriented, dependable and owns the job once given a task to complete. The prices are definitely fair and his ability ...Read more about Singleton Renovations
    Porch Pro Headshot G.W.Witherspoon Construction Company Inc.
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (8)
    "Bathroom remodel g.w. witherspoon' s. Work is above great their attention to detail is superberb. They are easy to work with and have our concerns and our thoughts Always on the top of their list. Will hire again with future projects"
    "Bathroom remodel g.w. witherspoon' s. Work is above great their attention to detail is superberb. They are easy to work with and have our concerns and our thoughts Always on the top of their list. Will hire again with future projects"
    Porch Pro Headshot Jastim Painting & Home Improvement
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (5)
    Jastim Painting & Home Improvement was founded in 2006 with the main objective to please customers like you with 100% satisfaction guaranteed. Besides interior/exterior painting, we provide bathroom remodeling, kitchen remodeling, carpentry, decks, tile installation, hardwood flooring installation ...Read more about Jastim Painting & Home Improvement
    100% response rate
    Jastim Painting & Home Improvement was founded in 2006 with the main objective to please customers like you with 100% satisfaction guaranteed. Besides interior/exterior painting, we provide bathroom remodeling, kitchen remodeling, carpentry, decks, tile installation, hardwood flooring installation ...Read more about Jastim Painting & Home Improvement
    Porch Pro Headshot Above Board Flooring
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (72)
    Above Board Flooring is a flooring company from Mooresville. They provide terrazzo construction, wood flooring installation, carpet installation, and wood floor polishing.
    Above Board Flooring is a flooring company from Mooresville. They provide terrazzo construction, wood flooring installation, carpet installation, and wood floor polishing.
    Porch Pro Headshot RD Services of Lake Norman
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (14)
    We are a full service remodeling company if you have a vision for your home but don't know how to make it happen give us a call and we will complete your job professionally and at a fair price.
    We are a full service remodeling company if you have a vision for your home but don't know how to make it happen give us a call and we will complete your job professionally and at a fair price.
    Porch Pro Headshot Faithwood Construction, LLC
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (14)
    Faithwood Construction specializes in custom built homes, renovations and additions.
    Faithwood Construction specializes in custom built homes, renovations and additions.
    Porch Pro Headshot Stavros Remodeling
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (6)
    "Jim is by far the best contractor in the area. He has completed projects for us including hardwood floor, bathroom (3) tiles, steps and base for hot tub, door installations (2) of which was a 250 lb. French door, and major painting. His work is pristine and still perfect. I've known him for 10 year...Read more about Stavros Remodeling
    "Jim is by far the best contractor in the area. He has completed projects for us including hardwood floor, bathroom (3) tiles, steps and base for hot tub, door installations (2) of which was a 250 lb. French door, and major painting. His work is pristine and still perfect. I've known him for 10 year...Read more about Stavros Remodeling
    Porch Pro Headshot Bradshaw Home Improvement
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (1)
    We are a multi talented company, We provide many construction services. Any thing from roofing, plumbing , remodeling, bad floors, painting, siding , doors and windows to new construction, repairs and up grades. We also do commercial and industrial projects.We also install ceramic tile, flooring, wa...Read more about Bradshaw Home Improvement
    We are a multi talented company, We provide many construction services. Any thing from roofing, plumbing , remodeling, bad floors, painting, siding , doors and windows to new construction, repairs and up grades. We also do commercial and industrial projects.We also install ceramic tile, flooring, wa...Read more about Bradshaw Home Improvement
    Porch Pro Headshot moore interior/exterior home improvments
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    (2)
    I've been a self employed general contractor since 1986, and in the Statesville and area since 1999. My areas of work are: interior/exterior renovations, carpentry,demolition, drywall and repair, all painting, windows,doors,decks and repair, tile and pre-finished flooring,basement remodels,porch enc...Read more about moore interior/exterior home improvments
    I've been a self employed general contractor since 1986, and in the Statesville and area since 1999. My areas of work are: interior/exterior renovations, carpentry,demolition, drywall and repair, all painting, windows,doors,decks and repair, tile and pre-finished flooring,basement remodels,porch enc...Read more about moore interior/exterior home improvments
    Porch Pro Headshot James W. Merrill General Contractor
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    James W. Merrill General Contractor: working on homes since 1984. With experience in building homes from the ground up, I have seen every step of the process. However, I am looking to scale down to projects such as remodels and additions for a more hands on take to the business. I want to work di...Read more about James W. Merrill General Contractor
    James W. Merrill General Contractor: working on homes since 1984. With experience in building homes from the ground up, I have seen every step of the process. However, I am looking to scale down to projects such as remodels and additions for a more hands on take to the business. I want to work di...Read more about James W. Merrill General Contractor
    Porch Pro Headshot Peal Construction Inc.
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    Licensed General Contractor with over 15 years of experience, providing Residential and Commercial construction and remodeling services. Provide Facility and Apartment Maintenance; maintenance and repairs, carpentry, light electrical, light plumbing and HVAC. Insured and Licensed
    Licensed General Contractor with over 15 years of experience, providing Residential and Commercial construction and remodeling services. Provide Facility and Apartment Maintenance; maintenance and repairs, carpentry, light electrical, light plumbing and HVAC. Insured and Licensed
    Porch Pro Headshot TECTON SVC LLC
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina
    Tecton is an owner operator company no middle man , I do exterior and interior remodeling renovation and repairs ,
    Tecton is an owner operator company no middle man , I do exterior and interior remodeling renovation and repairs ,
    Porch Pro Headshot J&R General construction
    Remodeling Contractors
    Serves Lake Norman of Catawba, North Carolina

    Latest projects near Lake Norman of Catawba

    Recent projects booked on Porch
    Denver 28037
    Deck Construction
    Start Date
    Within a week
    Service requested
    Modify deck
    Change surface material
    No
    Structural modifications
    I haven't decided
    Supplemental features
    Screens
    Materials provided
    Yes, I just need construction
    Statesville 28677
    Accessibility Retrofitting
    Service needed
    Accessibility Retrofitting
    Start Date
    Within a week
    Troutman 28166
    Residential Renovation
    Start Date
    Within a month
    Project type
    Restore, renovate or repair home damage
    Renovation project type
    kitchen remodel, paint interior and exterior
    Interior or exterior renovation
    Both
    Extent of renovation
    The whole home
    Rooms to renovate
    Kitchen, Bathroom, Bedroom, Living or family room, Dining room, Garage, Laundry or utility room
    Interior features to renovate
    Walls or paint, Trim and molding, Cabinets, Countertops
    Home siding type
    Brick or stone
    Approximate home square footage
    Under 1000 sq ft
    Number of stories tall
    One floor
    Filing an insurance claim
    No
    Troutman 28166
    Deck Construction
    Start Date
    I'm flexible
    Service requested
    Replace deck
    Deck removed
    No, pro should remove existing deck
    Plans, drawings, blueprints
    No, but I know what I want
    Deck size (SQFT)
    100 to 250 square feet
    Surface and railing material
    Composite
    Structure material
    Wood
    Structural features
    Custom stairs
    Supplemental features
    Something else
    Materials included
    No, pro must provide materials